How to Define Surveying and Importance of Surveying in Civil Engineering?

Surveying

How to Define Surveying and Importance of Surveying in Civil Engineering?

Surveying, often known as land surveying, is the practice, profession, art, and science of identifying the two-dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points on the ground, as well as the distances and angles between them. A land surveyor is a land surveying practitioner. These points are usually on the Earth's surface, and they are frequently used to establish maps and boundaries for ownership, locations, such as the designed positions of structural components for construction or the surface location of subsurface features, or other government or civil law requirements, such as property sales.

Since the beginning of recorded history, surveying has been a component of the evolution of the human environment. It is required in the design and execution of most types of building. It is also utilized in transportation, communications, mapping, and the establishment of legal boundaries for property ownership, as well as in many other scientific disciplines.

Surveying is roughly grouped into two sorts based on considerations and the true shape of the earth.

Plane surveying is based on the assumption that the earth is flat. The earth's curvature and spheroidal shape are ignored. All triangles generated by combining survey lines are termed plane triangles in this style of surveying. It is used for modest survey work where inaccuracies caused by the earth's shape are insignificant.

When computing reduced levels, angles, bearings, and distances in geodetic surveying, the curvature of the earth is taken into account. This sort of surveying is typically used for large-scale surveying projects. Survey works up to 100 square miles (260 square kilometers) is considered planar, while work beyond that is considered geodetic. Corrections are made to lowered levels, bearings, and other observations in geodetic surveying.